{"id":253472,"date":"2026-02-09T16:23:56","date_gmt":"2026-02-09T15:23:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/particle-finite-element-method\/"},"modified":"2026-02-10T11:48:11","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T10:48:11","slug":"particle-finite-element-method","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/particle-finite-element-method\/","title":{"rendered":"Particle Finite Element Method"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;display: flex;||align-items: center;&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEM_particleladen.webp&#8221; alt=&#8221;PFEM particleladen&#8221; title_text=&#8221;PFEM_particleladen&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_3,2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;display: flex;||align-items: center;&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEM_CIMNE_logo.png&#8221; alt=&#8221;PFEM CIMNE logo&#8221; title_text=&#8221;PFEM_CIMNE_logo&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#004996&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Una eina per a la interacci\u00f3 fluid-estructura i problemes de grans deformacions<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>El <strong>M\u00e8tode dels Elements Finits amb Part\u00edcules (PFEM)<\/strong> \u00e9s una t\u00e8cnica computacional molt potent desenvolupada al CIMNE per resoldre problemes d\u2019enginyeria complexos que involucren fluxos amb superf\u00edcie lliure, grans deformacions i interacci\u00f3 fluid\u2011estructura. El PFEM combina els avantatges dels m\u00e8todes lagrangians basats en part\u00edcules amb la robustesa de les t\u00e8cniques d\u2019elements finits, cosa que permet simular amb precisi\u00f3 problemes amb fronteres que evolucionen, interaccions de contacte complexes i acoblaments multif\u00edsics.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_code admin_label=&#8221;HTML&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<!-- Secci\u00f3 Hero --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- Secci\u00f3 Intro --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- Visi\u00f3 general d'Aplicacions --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <\/p>\n<section class=\"applications-section\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        <\/p>\n<div class=\"post-container\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/p>\n<div class=\"section-header\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<h2>Aplicacions<\/h2>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/p>\n<div class=\"apps-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-card\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-icon\">????<\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<h3>Flux de Superf\u00edcie Lliure<\/h3>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <pee>Seguiment prec\u00eds de superf\u00edcies lliures de fluids, incloent-hi ones trencant i esquitxades<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-card\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-icon\">\u2699\ufe0f<\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<h3>Interacci\u00f3 Fluid-S\u00f2lid<\/h3>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <pee>Fluxos de fluids de superf\u00edcie lliure amb estructures elastopl\u00e0stiques i contacte complex<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-card\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-icon\">????<\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<h3>Processos Industrials<\/h3>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <pee>Simulaci\u00f3 de fabricaci\u00f3: mecanitzat, forja, extrusi\u00f3 i fosa<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-card\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-icon\">\u26f0\ufe0f<\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<h3>Esllavissades<\/h3>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <pee>Simulaci\u00f3 3D de fluxos geof\u00edsics i ones generades per esllavissades<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-card\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"app-icon\">\u26aa<\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<h3>Flux amb Part\u00edcules<\/h3>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <pee>Fluxos multicomponent amb part\u00edcules en suspensi\u00f3 mitjan\u00e7ant acoblament PFEM-DEM<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <\/section>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- Sobre el PFEM --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <\/p>\n<section class=\"accordion-section\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        <\/p>\n<div class=\"post-container\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/p>\n<div class=\"section-header\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<h2>Sobre el PFEM<\/h2>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s el PFEM --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s el PFEM?<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>El <strong>M\u00e8tode d&#8217;Elements Finits de Part\u00edcules (PFEM)<\/strong> \u00e9s una t\u00e8cnica num\u00e8rica per resoldre problemes multif\u00edsica que involucren din\u00e0mica de fluids, mec\u00e0nica de s\u00f2lids i interacci\u00f3 fluid-estructura. El m\u00e8tode utilitza un marc lagrangi\u00e0 on els nodes de la malla es tracten com a part\u00edcules que es mouen amb el flux del material.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>El PFEM \u00e9s particularment adequat per a problemes que involucren:<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-left: 2rem; margin-bottom: 1rem;\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Fluxos de superf\u00edcie lliure amb grans deformacions<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Interacci\u00f3 fluid-estructura amb fronteres m\u00f2bils<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Processos de conformaci\u00f3 industrial<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Aplicacions geot\u00e8cniques amb grans deformacions<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Fluxos multifluid i multicomponent<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/ul>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/TsunamiPFEM.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Simulaci\u00f3 de propagaci\u00f3 i impacte d&#8217;ones de tsunami<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ShipeIce.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Simulaci\u00f3 de trencagla\u00e7 usant PFEM<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEMfractureFront-_cropped.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Trencament d&#8217;ones i propagaci\u00f3 del front de fractura<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Com funciona el PFEM --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Com funciona el PFEM?<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>L&#8217;enfocament PFEM consisteix en els seg\u00fcents passos clau:<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>1. Descripci\u00f3 Lagrangiana:<\/strong> Les equacions de govern s&#8217;escriuen en un marc lagrangi\u00e0 on la malla computacional es mou amb les part\u00edcules del material. Aix\u00f2 maneja naturalment els termes de convecci\u00f3 i el seguiment de superf\u00edcie lliure.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>2. Generaci\u00f3 de Malla:<\/strong> A cada pas de temps, es genera una nova malla d&#8217;elements finits usant la triangulaci\u00f3 de Delaunay de les posicions de les part\u00edcules. Aix\u00f2 permet al m\u00e8tode manejar grans deformacions sense problemes de distorsi\u00f3 de malla.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>3. M\u00e8tode Alpha Shape:<\/strong> El l\u00edmit del domini s&#8217;identifica usant la t\u00e8cnica alpha shape, que detecta autom\u00e0ticament la superf\u00edcie lliure i els l\u00edmits externs.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>4. Soluci\u00f3 per Elements Finits:<\/strong> Les equacions de govern es resolen usant procediments est\u00e0ndard d&#8217;elements finits amb t\u00e8cniques d&#8217;estabilitzaci\u00f3 apropiades per a fluxos incompresibles.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/SolutionSteps.png\" alt=\"Passos de Soluci\u00f3 PFEM\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Fig 1: Passos de soluci\u00f3 en la metodologia PFEM<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/AlphaShapeSteps-1.png\" alt=\"Passos Alpha Shape\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Fig 2: Passos de detecci\u00f3 de l\u00edmits per alpha shape<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- PFEM per a Fluids --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">PFEM per a Fluids<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>Per a problemes de din\u00e0mica de fluids, el PFEM resol les equacions de Navier-Stokes en un marc lagrangi\u00e0. El m\u00e8tode \u00e9s particularment efectiu per a:<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Fluxos de Superf\u00edcie Lliure:<\/strong> La descripci\u00f3 lagrangiana rastreja naturalment la superf\u00edcie lliure sense necessitat de t\u00e8cniques especials de captura d&#8217;interf\u00edcie. Aix\u00f2 fa que el PFEM sigui ideal per simular trencament d&#8217;ones, esquitxades i fen\u00f2mens d&#8217;onatge.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Fluids No Newtonians:<\/strong> El PFEM pot manejar models reol\u00f2gics complexos incloent-hi pl\u00e0stics de Bingham, materials viscopl\u00e0stics i fluids pseudopl\u00e0stics. Les aplicacions inclouen flux de formig\u00f3 fresc, fluxos de llot i llaus industrials.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Fluxos Multifluid:<\/strong> El m\u00e8tode pot simular problemes que involucren m\u00faltiples fluids immiscibles amb diferents densitats i viscositats, incloent-hi efectes de tensi\u00f3 superficial.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEM_Mesh_cropped.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Malla PFEM en un problema de din\u00e0mica de fluids de superf\u00edcie lliure<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/SP03_3D_1aParte.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Assaig d&#8217;assentament de formig\u00f3 fresc amb model de Bingham no newtoni\u00e0<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- PFEM per a S\u00f2lids --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">PFEM per a S\u00f2lids<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>El PFEM s&#8217;ha est\u00e8s amb \u00e8xit a problemes de mec\u00e0nica de s\u00f2lids que involucren grans deformacions i comportament complex del material:<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>An\u00e0lisi de Grans Deformacions:<\/strong> La capacitat de remallat continu permet al PFEM manejar deformacions extremadament grans que causarien severa distorsi\u00f3 de malla en els enfocaments FEM est\u00e0ndard.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Problemes de Contacte:<\/strong> El m\u00e8tode maneja naturalment el contacte i el fregament entre cossos deformables, aix\u00ed com el contacte amb eines r\u00edgides. Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s essencial per a simulacions de processos de fabricaci\u00f3.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Fractura i Fallada:<\/strong> El PFEM pot simular propagaci\u00f3 d&#8217;esquerdes i fallada del material permetent que la malla es separi al llarg de les vores dels elements, creant noves superf\u00edcies lliures.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/pressing_quarter.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Premsat d&#8217;un quart de cilindre met\u00e0l\u00b7lic<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/orthogonal_cutting_test.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Assaig de tall ortogonal amb eina deformable<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/3d_machining.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Mecanitzat 3D amb formaci\u00f3 cont\u00ednua de ferritja<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/machining_rigid_tool.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Mecanitzat amb eina r\u00edgida &#8211; ferritja segmentada<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cylindrical_steel_bar.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Barra cil\u00edndrica d&#8217;acer impactant una paret<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- PFEM per a FSI --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">PFEM per a FSI<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>La <strong>Interacci\u00f3 Fluid-Estructura (FSI)<\/strong> \u00e9s una de les capacitats m\u00e9s potents del PFEM. El m\u00e8tode pot manejar:<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Problemes Totalment Acoblats:<\/strong> El PFEM resol els dominis fluid i s\u00f2lid de manera totalment acoblada, assegurant una transmissi\u00f3 precisa de forces i despla\u00e7aments a la interf\u00edcie.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>FSI amb Superf\u00edcie Lliure:<\/strong> El m\u00e8tode sobresurt en problemes on el fluid t\u00e9 una superf\u00edcie lliure que interactua amb estructures, com l&#8217;impacte d&#8217;ones en estructures costaneres o l&#8217;onatge en dip\u00f2sits.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>FSI amb Gran Moviment:<\/strong> El PFEM pot manejar problemes amb grans despla\u00e7aments i rotacions estructurals, incloent-hi cossos flotants i estructures inflables.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"single-media\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FSItodo.png\" alt=\"Visi\u00f3 general d'Aplicacions FSI\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <pee class=\"media-caption\">Visi\u00f3 general d&#8217;aplicacions FSI amb PFEM<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FSI3D.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Col\u00b7lapse de columna d&#8217;aigua contra membrana deformable<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEMfractureFront.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Col\u00b7lapse de mur de formig\u00f3 per impacte de tsunami<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Airbag.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">PFEM acoblat amb Abaqus per al desplegament d&#8217;airbag<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- PFEM-2 --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">PFEM-2<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>PFEM-2<\/strong> \u00e9s una versi\u00f3 millorada del m\u00e8tode que permet passos de temps m\u00e9s grans i major efici\u00e8ncia computacional:<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Estrat\u00e8gia de Multi-pas Temporal:<\/strong> El PFEM-2 utilitza un esquema predictor-corrector que permet usar passos de temps molt majors que els m\u00e8todes expl\u00edcits tradicionals mantenint la precisi\u00f3.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Enriquiment de Part\u00edcules:<\/strong> El m\u00e8tode enriqueix la soluci\u00f3 amb informaci\u00f3 basada en part\u00edcules per capturar caracter\u00edstiques d&#8217;escala petita sense requerir malles excessivament fines.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Capacitats Multifluid:<\/strong> El PFEM-2 sobresurt en simular problemes multifluid amb grans relacions de densitat i din\u00e0mica complexa d&#8217;interf\u00edcie.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEM21.png\" alt=\"PFEM-2 Figura 1\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Fig 1: Esquema metodol\u00f2gic del PFEM-2<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEM22.png\" alt=\"PFEM-2 Figura 2\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Fig 2: Esquema d&#8217;integraci\u00f3 de multi-pas temporal<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RT_pfem.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Inestabilitat de Rayleigh-Taylor amb nombre d&#8217;Atwood 3 &#8211; comparaci\u00f3 de passos temporals<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/comparisonDamBreak2.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Validaci\u00f3 experimental: col\u00b7lapse de presa<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/jet3d24M.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Injecci\u00f3 de raig l\u00edquid i atomitzaci\u00f3 prim\u00e0ria<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RT2.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Simulaci\u00f3 d&#8217;inestabilitat de Rayleigh-Taylor<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <\/section>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- Aplicacions Detallades --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <\/p>\n<section class=\"accordion-section\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        <\/p>\n<div class=\"post-container\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/p>\n<div class=\"section-header\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<h2>Aplicacions Detallades<\/h2>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Enginyeria Hidr\u00e0ulica --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Enginyeria Hidr\u00e0ulica<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>La simulaci\u00f3 precisa de la superf\u00edcie lliure del fluid, fins i tot en pres\u00e8ncia d&#8217;<strong>ones trencant<\/strong> i <strong>esquitxades<\/strong>, juntament amb el modelatge autom\u00e0tic de la convecci\u00f3 del fluid i les bones propietats de conservaci\u00f3 d&#8217;energia, fan del PFEM una eina ideal per a l&#8217;an\u00e0lisi de diferents problemes d&#8217;enginyeria hidr\u00e0ulica.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>La primera simulaci\u00f3 PFEM d&#8217;assaigs de laboratori hidr\u00e0ulic es va presentar en estudis de validaci\u00f3 comparant resultats PFEM contra observacions experimentals en quatre configuracions diferents de flux de superf\u00edcie lliure. L&#8217;idone\u00eftat del PFEM en modelar propagaci\u00f3 d&#8217;ones va quedar clarament demostrada reproduint amb precisi\u00f3 diferents tipus d&#8217;<strong>ones propagants<\/strong> en canals de laboratori.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>Treballs recents van usar una t\u00e8cnica PFEM-FEM-DEM per simular la propagaci\u00f3 d&#8217;una <strong>ona de tsunami<\/strong> en un canal de laboratori hidr\u00e0ulic, el seu impacte contra un mur de formig\u00f3 i la ruptura de l&#8217;estructura s\u00f2lida.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Enginyeria de Preses:<\/strong> El PFEM s&#8217;ha aplicat per simular el rebosement i fallada de preses d&#8217;escullera i fen\u00f2mens relacionats de filtraci\u00f3. Els estudis inclouen interacci\u00f3 aire-aigua 3D per estimar la demanda d&#8217;aire en desguassos de fons de preses, i an\u00e0lisi d&#8217;ones de xoc d&#8217;aigua en sobreeixidors de preses.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEMfractureLateral_cropped.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Propagaci\u00f3 d&#8217;ona de tsunami i impacte contra mur de formig\u00f3<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/colapsePFEM2.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Col\u00b7lapse de dip\u00f2sit amb barreja aigua-oli (PFEM-2)<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Processos de Fabricaci\u00f3 --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Processos de Fabricaci\u00f3<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>La simulaci\u00f3 de processos de fabricaci\u00f3 representa una de les \u00e0rees rellevants d&#8217;aplicaci\u00f3 del PFEM. La capacitat del m\u00e8tode per tractar amb grans deformacions, interacci\u00f3 complexa de contacte i models constitutius explica el gran nombre de treballs PFEM sobre processos de fabricaci\u00f3. A m\u00e9s, t\u00edpicament, aquests problemes tamb\u00e9 inclouen efectes t\u00e8rmics acoblats que es poden manejar f\u00e0cilment amb el PFEM.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Conformaci\u00f3 de Metalls:<\/strong> La formulaci\u00f3 PFEM-s\u00f2lid s&#8217;ha usat per reproduir forja industrial de metalls, mecanitzat i problemes d&#8217;ompliment de pols. El m\u00e8tode pot simular eficientment processos de tall que involucren fregament, bandes de tall adiab\u00e0tic, escalfament excessiu, grans deformacions i altes taxes de deformaci\u00f3.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Ompliment de Motlles i Fosa:<\/strong> Per a problemes que involucren gran deformaci\u00f3 de contorns, generalment es prefereixen enfocaments de din\u00e0mica de fluids. Les aplicacions inclouen problemes de fosa i conformaci\u00f3 de vidre on l&#8217;equaci\u00f3 de calor s&#8217;acoblada al model mec\u00e0nic a trav\u00e9s de la viscositat dependent de la temperatura.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/massive_forge_von_misses_stress.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Forja Massiva en Fred &#8211; Encunyaci\u00f3 de pe\u00e7a de coure<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/hot_bending_temperature.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Plegat en calent de planxa d&#8217;acer a 800K<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/non_orthogonal_cut_continous_chip_von_misses_stress.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Mecanitzat no ortogonal amb eina deformable<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/rigid_tool_cut_plastic_strain_3d.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Mecanitzat amb eina r\u00edgida &#8211; ferritja segmentada<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/shearing_single_cut_temperature.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Cisallament en fred de planxa d&#8217;acer<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Esllavissades --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Esllavissades<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>La simulaci\u00f3 num\u00e8rica d&#8217;esllavissades \u00e9s una tasca complexa, a causa de la caracteritzaci\u00f3 complexa del material de l&#8217;esllavissada, la forma altament deformable dels cossos lliscants i la gran mida dels esdeveniments. El PFEM ha demostrat tenir gran potencial en aquest camp gr\u00e0cies a la seva capacitat de capturar superf\u00edcies lliures evolutives i la possibilitat d&#8217;usar <strong>models constitutius<\/strong> precisos per al material de l&#8217;esllavissada.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>S&#8217;han emprat diversos models reol\u00f2gics incloent-hi:<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-left: 2rem; margin-bottom: 1rem;\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Models de plasticitat amb criteri de flu\u00e8ncia <strong>Mohr-Coulomb<\/strong><\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Models elastoviscopl\u00e0stics per a fallada progressiva<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Models <strong>de Bingham<\/strong> per a esllavissades tipus flux<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li><strong>Reologia \u03bc(I)<\/strong> regularitzada per a fluxos granulars densos<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/ul>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>El PFEM s&#8217;ha usat per simular <strong>ones generades per esllavissades<\/strong> (l&#8217;escenari de multi-risc produ\u00eft per l&#8217;impacte d&#8217;esllavissades en embassaments d&#8217;aigua), incloent-hi la reproducci\u00f3 de l&#8217;esllavissada del Vajont i la conseq\u00fcent ona d&#8217;impuls en l&#8217;embassament hidroel\u00e8ctric usant una formulaci\u00f3 tridimensional.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/PFEMmuIrheology-1.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Flux granular amb reologia \u03bc(I)<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/TsunamiTake.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Ona de tsunami creada per esllavissada d&#8217;aigua<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FritzLandslide.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Ona generada per impacte de material granular<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Aplicacions Geot\u00e8cniques --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Aplicacions Geot\u00e8cniques<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>El PFEM ha demostrat gran potencial per modelar problemes de grans deformacions en geot\u00e8cnia. El m\u00e8tode pot rastrejar de manera natural la forma deformada del cos de s\u00f2l, calcular amb precisi\u00f3 la interacci\u00f3 de contacte entre el s\u00f2l i eines externes, i considerar models constitutius complexos.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Assaig de Penetraci\u00f3 de Con (CPT):<\/strong> Simulacions PFEM de CPT en materials potencialment licuables usant models constitutius dependents del par\u00e0metre d&#8217;estat (CASM), mostrant evoluci\u00f3 de pressi\u00f3 d&#8217;aigua, tensi\u00f3 mitjana efectiva i tensi\u00f3 desviadora durant assaigs no drenats.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Assaigs Biaxials:<\/strong> Simulaci\u00f3 de materials amb enblanquinament per deformaci\u00f3 usant t\u00e8cniques de regularitzaci\u00f3 no local, mostrant evoluci\u00f3 de malla, tensi\u00f3 vertical, deformaci\u00f3 pl\u00e0stica desviadora incremental i adher\u00e8ncia actual.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 de Pilars:<\/strong> An\u00e0lisi d&#8217;inserci\u00f3 de pilar rug\u00f3s en argila blana, modelant el complex problema no lineal d&#8217;interacci\u00f3 s\u00f2l-estructura durant la penetraci\u00f3.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cone_penetration_test.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Assaig de penetraci\u00f3 de con en materials licuables<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/biaxial_test.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Assaig biaxial en s\u00f2l estructurat<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/insertion_rough_pile.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Inserci\u00f3 de pilar rug\u00f3s en argila blana<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/free_falling_penetrometer.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Simulaci\u00f3 de penetr\u00f2metre de caiguda lliure<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Fluxos amb Part\u00edcules --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Fluxos amb Part\u00edcules<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>El flux amb part\u00edcules, o particulat, es refereix a la din\u00e0mica d&#8217;un <strong>medi multicomponent<\/strong> on almenys un component \u00e9s un fluid continuament connectat (el fluid de suspensi\u00f3), i almenys una fase restant consisteix en sub-dominis desconnectats (les <strong>part\u00edcules<\/strong>).<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>El PFEM, combinat amb un solucionador d&#8217;elements discrets com el <strong>M\u00e8tode d&#8217;Elements Discrets (DEM)<\/strong>, permet la soluci\u00f3 de fluxos amb part\u00edcules fins i tot en pres\u00e8ncia de grans moviments i canvis de forma del domini fluid.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee><strong>Acoblament PFEM-DEM:<\/strong> Formulacions recents permeten que les part\u00edcules s\u00f2lides es moguin a trav\u00e9s d&#8217;elements fluids de la malla PFEM, similar a esquemes tradicionals de part\u00edcula-en-cel\u00b7la. Aix\u00f2 mant\u00e9 bona qualitat de malla durant l&#8217;an\u00e0lisi a un cost computacional raonable.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-grid\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FoodMixing.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Proc\u00e9s de mescla usant m\u00e8tode acoblat PFEM-DEM<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div class=\"media-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <video controls><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><source src=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/VaciadoRho1_3Dview.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/video><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee class=\"media-caption\">Desc\u00e0rrega de dip\u00f2sit d&#8217;aigua amb part\u00edcules encastades<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <\/section>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- Bibliografia --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <\/p>\n<section class=\"accordion-section\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        <\/p>\n<div class=\"post-container\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/p>\n<div class=\"section-header\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<h2>Bibliografia<\/h2>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Articles --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Articles<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>Publicacions seleccionades revisades per parells sobre metodologia i aplicacions del PFEM:<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<ul class=\"references-list\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Idelsohn SR, O\u00f1ate E, Pin FD (2004) <em>The particle finite element method: a powerful tool to solve incompressible flows with free-surfaces and breaking waves.<\/em> Int J Numer Methods Eng 61(7):964\u2013989<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>O\u00f1ate E, Idelsohn S, Pin FD, Aubry R (2004) <em>The particle finite element method. An overview.<\/em> Int J Comput Methods 1:267\u2013307<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Idelsohn S, O\u00f1ate E, Pin FD (2004) <em>The particle finite element method: a powerful tool to solve incompressible flows with free-surfaces and breaking waves.<\/em> Int J Numer Methods Eng 61(7):964\u2013989<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>O\u00f1ate E, Rojek J, Idelsohn S, Pin FD, Aubry R (2006) <em>Advances in stabilized finite element and particle methods for bulk forming processes.<\/em> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 195(48\u201349):6750\u20136777<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>O\u00f1ate E, Idelsohn S, Celigueta M, Rossi R (2008) <em>Advances in the particle finite element method for the analysis of fluid-multibody interaction and bed erosion in free surface flows.<\/em> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 197(19\u201320):1777\u20131800<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Carbonell JM, O\u00f1ate E, Suarez B (2010) <em>Modeling Ground Excavation with the Particle Finite-Element Method.<\/em> J Eng Mech 136(4):455\u2013463<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Cremonesi M, Frangi A, Perego U (2011) <em>A Lagrangian finite element approach for the simulation of water-waves induced by landslides.<\/em> Comput Struct 89(11\u201312):1086\u20131093<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>O\u00f1ate E, Franci A, Carbonell JM (2014) <em>A particle finite element method for analysis of industrial forming processes.<\/em> Comput Mech 54(1):85\u2013107<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Franci A, O\u00f1ate E, Carbonell JM (2016) <em>Unified Lagrangian formulation for solid and fluid mechanics and FSI problems.<\/em> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 298:520\u2013547<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Rodriguez J, Carbonell JM, Cante J, Oliver J (2016) <em>The particle finite element method (PFEM) in thermo-mechanical problems.<\/em> Int J Numer Methods Eng 107(9):733\u2013785<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Gimenez J, Ramajo D, Dami\u00e1n S, Nigro N, Idelsohn S (2017) <em>An assessment of the potential of PFEM-2 for solving long real-time industrial applications.<\/em> Comput Part Mech 4(3):251\u2013267<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Franci A, Cremonesi M (2019) <em>3D regularized \u03bc(I)-rheology for Granular flows simulation.<\/em> J Comput Phys 378:257\u2013277<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Cremonesi M, Franci A, Idelsohn SR, O\u00f1ate E (2020) <em>A state of the art review of the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM).<\/em> Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 17, 1709-1735<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>Franci A, Cremonesi M, Perego U, Crosta G, O\u00f1ate E (2020) <em>3D simulation of Vajont disaster. Part 1: Numerical formulation and validation.<\/em> Engineering Geology, 105854<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<li>O\u00f1ate E, Cornejo A, Z\u00e1rate F, Kashiyama K, Franci A (2022) <em>Combination of the finite element method and particle-based methods for predicting the failure of reinforced concrete structures under extreme water forces.<\/em> Engineering Structures, 251B, 113510<\/li>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/ul>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee style=\"margin-top: 1rem; font-style: italic; color: #666;\">&#8230; i m\u00e9s de 100 publicacions addicionals. Veure llista completa per bibliografia completa.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Tesis --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Tesis<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<table class=\"content-table\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<thead><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<th>Autor<\/th>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<th>Any<\/th>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<th>T\u00edtol<\/th>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<th>Instituci\u00f3<\/th>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/thead>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<tbody><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Del Pin F<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2003<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>The meshless finite element method applied to a lagrangian particle formulation of fluid flows<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Aubry R<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2006<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Incompressible Lagrangian fluid flow with thermal coupling<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Marti J<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2008<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>El m\u00e9todo de elementos finitos de part\u00edculas en interacci\u00f3n fluido-estructura<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Carbonell JM<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2009<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Modeling of Ground Excavation with the Particle Finite Element Method<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Cremonesi M<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2010<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>A Lagrangian finite element method for the interaction between flexible structures and free surfaces fluid flows<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Politecnico di Milano, Italy<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Ryzhakov P<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2010<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Lagrangian FE methods for coupled problems in fluid mechanics<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Larese A<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2012<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Instability analysis of earth dams due to overspills by the particle finite element method<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Rodriguez JM<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2013<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Numerical modeling of metal cutting processes using the Particle Finite Element Method<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Zhang X<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2014<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Particle Finite Element Method in Geomechanics<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>The University of Newcastle, Australia<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Zhu M<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2014<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Fluid-structure interaction analysis with the particle finite element method<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Oregon State University, US<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Franci A<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Unified Lagrangian formulation for fluid and solid mechanics, fluid-structure interaction and coupled thermal problems using the PFEM<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Becker P<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>An enhanced Particle Finite Element Method with special emphasis on landslides and debris flows<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Monforte L<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2018<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Insertion problems in geomechanics with the particle finite element method<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Celigueta MA<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2019<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>A Particle Finite Element Method for fluid-related problems in civil engineering<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Meduri S<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2019<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>A fully explicit Lagrangian finite element method for highly nonlinear fluid\u2013structure interaction problems<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Politecnico di Milano, Italy<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Cornejo A<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2020<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>A fully Lagrangian formulation for fluid-structure interaction between free-surface flows and multi-fracturing solids<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Spain<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/tbody>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/table>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Xerrades en L\u00ednia --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Xerrades en L\u00ednia<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<table class=\"content-table\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<thead><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<th>Autor<\/th>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<th>Any<\/th>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<th>T\u00edtol<\/th>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<th>Durada<\/th>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/thead>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<tbody><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Cremonesi M<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2021<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>A fully explicit Lagrangian Finite Element Method for highly non-linear fluid-structure interaction problems, CIMNE seminars<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>55 min<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>O\u00f1ate E<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>El m\u00e9todo de elementos finitos y part\u00edculas (PFEM) en Ingenier\u00eda<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>72 min<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>O\u00f1ate E<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>The Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) in Engineering<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>68 min<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Idelsohn S<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>The Particle Finite Element Method &#8211; Second Generation. Particles 2015, Barcelona<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>35 min<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<tr><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Idelsohn S<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>2014<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>Particle Methods: The most efficient way to solve fluid mechanics problem. WCCM, Barcelona<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                        <\/p>\n<td>44 min<\/td>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/tr>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/tbody>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/table>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <!-- Codis de Codi Obert --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <button class=\"accordion-header\">Codis de Codi Obert<\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                    <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-content\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                        <\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-body\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <pee>L&#8217;an\u00e0lisi PFEM de din\u00e0mica de fluids, mec\u00e0nica de s\u00f2lids no lineal i problemes d&#8217;interacci\u00f3 fluid-estructura pot executar-se amb el codi de codi obert <strong>Kratos Multiphysics<\/strong> i la interf\u00edcie f\u00e0cil d&#8217;usar programada a trav\u00e9s del pre i post-processador <strong>GiD<\/strong>.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                            <\/p>\n<div style=\"display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)); gap: 2rem; margin: 2rem 0; text-align: center;\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/kratos_logo_sq_240910095744.jpg\" alt=\"Kratos Multiphysics\" style=\"max-width: 250px; margin-bottom: 1rem;\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<h4 style=\"color: #1e3c72; margin-bottom: 0.5rem;\">Kratos Multiphysics<\/h4>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee>Un marc per construir programari de simulaci\u00f3 multidisciplinari paral\u00b7lel. La modularitat, extensibilitat i HPC s\u00f3n els objectius principals. Kratos t\u00e9 llic\u00e8ncia BSD i est\u00e0 escrit en C++ amb extensa interf\u00edcie Python.<\/pee><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                <\/p>\n<div><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/cimne-gid-logo.jpg\" alt=\"GiD\" style=\"max-width: 250px; margin-bottom: 1rem;\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <\/p>\n<h4 style=\"color: #1e3c72; margin-bottom: 0.5rem;\">GiD<\/h4>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->                                    <pee>Un pre i post-processador dissenyat per cobrir totes les necessitats comunes en simulaci\u00f3 num\u00e8rica: modelatge geom\u00e8tric, definici\u00f3 de dades d&#8217;an\u00e0lisi, mallat, transfer\u00e8ncia de dades a programari d&#8217;an\u00e0lisi i visualitzaci\u00f3 de resultats 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