{"id":247072,"date":"2025-10-01T11:58:21","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T09:58:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/plcd-plastic-crack-dynamic\/"},"modified":"2025-10-27T10:53:35","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T09:53:35","slug":"plcd-plastic-crack-dynamic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/plcd-plastic-crack-dynamic\/","title":{"rendered":"PLCd &#8211; PLastic Crack dynamic"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||32px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">PLCd (PLastic Crack dynamic)<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> \u00e9s un codi d&#8217;elements finits dissenyat per a la simulaci\u00f3 num\u00e8rica del comportament din\u00e0mic no lineal en sistemes estructurals complexos. Ha estat desenvolupat al <\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Centre Internacional de M\u00e8todes Num\u00e8rics en Enginyeria (CIMNE)<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> i al <\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Departament d&#8217;Estructures i Resist\u00e8ncia de Materials<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> de la <\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC)<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/plcd1.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;plcd1&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||32px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Imagen2.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Imagen2&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||32px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_heading title=&#8221;Exemples d&#039;aplicacions de PLCd&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_level=&#8221;h2&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">An\u00e0lisi d&#8217;estructures de ma\u00e7oneria<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">El primer conjunt d&#8217;imatges il\u00b7lustra l&#8217;aplicaci\u00f3 de PLCd a la simulaci\u00f3 del comportament de parets de ma\u00e7oneria sota despla\u00e7ament lateral.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">La figura de l&#8217;esquerra mostra el patr\u00f3 de fissures i l&#8217;evoluci\u00f3 del despla\u00e7ament.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">La figura central representa el dany progressiu a l&#8217;estructura de formig\u00f3 circumdant.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">La figura de la dreta destaca la distribuci\u00f3 dels danys en el farciment de ma\u00e7oneria, on es poden identificar clarament els mecanismes de fissures diagonals i de fallada.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/li>\n<p><\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Materials compostos: an\u00e0lisi de fallades<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">El segon conjunt d&#8217;imatges demostra l&#8217;\u00fas de PLCd en l&#8217;estudi de la fallada en laminats compostos amb fixacions mec\u00e0niques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">La simulaci\u00f3 num\u00e8rica (esquerra) captura la iniciaci\u00f3 i propagaci\u00f3 de les esquerdes al voltant dels forats, mostrant les zones de m\u00e0xima concentraci\u00f3 de danys.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">La imatge experimental (dreta) presenta la prova f\u00edsica corresponent, confirmant el patr\u00f3 de fractura predit pel model num\u00e8ric.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/li>\n<p><\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_heading title=&#8221;Sobre PLCd&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_level=&#8221;h2&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">PLCd (PLastic Crack dynamic)<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> \u00e9s un codi d&#8217;elements finits formulat impl\u00edcitament per a la simulaci\u00f3 num\u00e8rica del comportament din\u00e0mic no lineal en sistemes estructuralment complexos. Es desenvolupa conjuntament al <\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Centre Internacional de M\u00e8todes Num\u00e8rics en Enginyeria (CIMNE)<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> i al <\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Departament d&#8217;Estructures i Resist\u00e8ncia de Materials<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> de la <\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC)<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">PLCd \u00e9s un paquet de programari acad\u00e8mic. La seva versi\u00f3 inicial es va publicar el 1989 i ha estat en desenvolupament continu des de llavors, amb millores impulsades per la investigaci\u00f3 cont\u00ednua.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>The developers behind the code include:<br \/>Sergio Oller Mart\u00ednez, Bibiana Mar\u00eda Luccioni, Omar Salom\u00f3n, Alexandru Hanganu, Eduardo J. Car, Laurentiu Neamtu, Fernando Zalamea, Fernando Rastellini, Liz Gabriela Nallim, Pablo Mata Almonacid, Xavier Mart\u00ednez, Maritzabel Molina Herrera, Jairo A. Paredes, Cuauht\u00e9moc Escudero Torres, Facundo J. Bellomo, Ricardo Daniel Quinteros, Ferm\u00edn Otero Gruer, Ester Comellas Sanfeliu, Lucia Gr\u0103\u0163iela Barbu, Stefano Zaghi, Alejandro Cornejo, and Sergio Jim\u00e9nez.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>In 1993, PLCd was honoured with an Argentinian award presented by IBM in the fields of Exact Sciences, Engineering, Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics. The recognition was in appreciation of its application to the \u201cNumerical Simulation of Structures Made with Frictional Materials\u201d, and the award was accepted by Professors Oller and Luccioni.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Main Features and Capabilities<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Programming and Platforms<\/strong>: PLCd is implemented in FORTRAN and is fully parallelised. It is compatible with both Linux and Windows.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scope of Analysis<\/strong>: It targets solid mechanics problems\u2014quasi-static, dynamic, or seismic\u2014considering both material and geometric nonlinearities. Dynamic analyses utilise the Newmark time-integration scheme.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Element Types<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>3D solids<\/strong>: tetrahedral elements (4-node or 10-node) and hexahedral elements (8-node or 20-node).<\/li>\n<li><strong>2D solids<\/strong>: triangular (3-node or 6-node) and quadrilateral (4-node, 8-node or 9-node) elements.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Beams<\/strong>: Timoshenko beam elements with 3 or 4 nodes, featuring numerical integration across the cross-section.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shells<\/strong>: based on the DKT-OPT formulation using implicit solver mode.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<li><strong>Solver Options<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Implicit Solver<\/strong>: As above.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<li><strong>Explicit-Time-Step Solver<\/strong>: Includes advanced laminated shell elements\u2014<strong>BST<\/strong>, <strong>LBST<\/strong>, <strong>EBST<\/strong>\u2014which are <em>rotation-free<\/em>. Curvatures are approximated by utilising a patch of neighbouring elements, following formulations introduced by Eugenio O\u00f1ate, Francisco Z\u00e1rate, and Fernando Flores.<\/li>\n<p><\/ul>\n<p><\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<li><strong>Material Models<\/strong>: Supports large-strain elasticity (Neo-Hookean, Mooney\u2013Rivlin, Yeoh, Ogden, etc.), viscoelasticity, diverse damage models, and non-associated plasticity with isotropic and kinematic hardening\u2014where isotropic hardening may be positive, negative, or null. Tangent stiffness tensors may be derived analytically or numerically.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<li><strong>Yield Criteria<\/strong>: Implements six yield functions: Tresca, von Mises, Mohr-Coulomb (standard and generalised), Drucker-Prager, Lubliner-Oller, and a damage-based criterion on the norm of principal stresses. General anisotropy is accommodated via a mapping-based formulation.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Materials compostos<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> : ofereixen tant homogene\u00eftzaci\u00f3 fenomenol\u00f2gica (utilitzant teories cl\u00e0ssiques de mescla i serials\/paral\u00b7leles) com una homogene\u00eftzaci\u00f3 num\u00e8rica a dues escales computacionalment eficient, permetent representar fidelment el comportament no lineal dels constituents compostos.<\/span><\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">An\u00e0lisi de fatiga<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> : proporciona formulacions dedicades per a fatiga de cicle alt (HCF), fatiga de cicle baix (LCF) i fatiga de cicle ultrabaix (ULCF) aplicables a metalls i materials compostos.<\/span><\/li>\n<p><\/ul>\n<p><\/li>\n<p><\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_heading title=&#8221;Desc\u00e0rrega&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_level=&#8221;h2&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>PLCd \u00e9s un paquet de programari acad\u00e8mic i est\u00e0 pensat \u00fanicament per a finalitats acad\u00e8miques i de recerca.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>El codi es distribueix en dos formats diferents: com a GiD ProblemType i com a executables independents (amb dades d&#8217;entrada ASCII). Tots dos formats es poden descarregar a trav\u00e9s dels enlla\u00e7os seg\u00fcents::<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/PLCd-problemtype-32bits.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PLCd as a GiD ProblemType<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/PLCd-Executable-v4.03.zip\">PLCd IMPLICIT executable<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/PLCD_v79.11.3.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>PLCd EXPLICIT executable v79.11.3<\/u><\/a> (Linux, versi\u00f3 en \u00fas, emprada per a an\u00e0lisi s\u00edsmica)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cimne.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/PLCD-explicit.v79.11.6.unix_.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>PLCd EXPLICIT executable v79.11.6<\/u><\/a> (Linux, \u00faltima versi\u00f3, emprat per a an\u00e0lisi s\u00edsmica)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/li>\n<p><\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tot i que l&#8217;equip de desenvolupament de PLCd no ofereix suport t\u00e8cnic formal, podeu enviar consultes, comentaris, sol\u00b7licituds i informes d&#8217;errors per correu electr\u00f2nic a: <a href=\"mailto:plcd@cimne.upc.edu\">plcd@cimne.upc.edu<\/a>. Farem tot el possible per ajudar-vos amb l&#8217;\u00fas del codi.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PLCd (PLastic Crack dynamic) \u00e9s un codi d&#8217;elements finits dissenyat per a la simulaci\u00f3 num\u00e8rica del comportament din\u00e0mic no lineal en sistemes estructurals complexos. Ha estat desenvolupat al Centre Internacional de M\u00e8todes Num\u00e8rics en Enginyeria (CIMNE) i al Departament d&#8217;Estructures i Resist\u00e8ncia de Materials de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC) .An\u00e0lisi d&#8217;estructures de ma\u00e7oneriaEl [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":254071,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","slim_seo":{"title":"PLCd - PLastic Crack dynamic - CIMNE","description":"PLCd (PLastic Crack dynamic) \u00e9s un codi d'elements finits dissenyat per a la simulaci\u00f3 num\u00e8rica del comportament din\u00e0mic no lineal en sistemes estructurals comp"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[569,395,246],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-247072","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-camms","category-mecanica-estructural","category-producte"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247072","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=247072"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247072\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/254071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=247072"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=247072"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cimne.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=247072"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}